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* https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26976237/
* https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26976237/
* From a [https://aeitechnologies.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/MOXUS-CARDIAC-OUTPUT-Option.pdf white paper] about the Moxus metabolic cart cardiac output estimation methods:
* From a [https://aeitechnologies.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/MOXUS-CARDIAC-OUTPUT-Option.pdf white paper] about the Moxus metabolic cart cardiac output estimation methods:
**
** CO2 rebreathing Fick method. Q = VCO2 * (CaCO2 - CvCO2)
** VCO2 is "easily measured"... how?
** CaCO2 is estimated with EtCO2 if the subject has healthy lungs and the EtCO2 is peaking, otherwise PaCO2 from an ABG can be used
** CvCO2 is estimated by allowing rebreathing a fixed concentration of expired CO2 for up to 10 seconds (any longer and the additional inhaled CO2 has time to recirculate and affect your mixed venous value), the inhaled CO2 should rapidly equilibrate with the alveolar and mixed venous CO2.
** Tidal volumes should be at least 2x dead space.
** 10 breaths should be ignored after rebreathing for re-equilibration.
** Rebreathing bag volume should be 1.5x the tidal volume.
** Calibrate the best guess of CvCO2 by using the EtCO2 and adding 4-6 mmHg
* [https://www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/playContent/1-s2.0-S0749070409001274?returnurl=https:%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS0749070409001274%3Fshowall%3Dtrue&referrer=https:%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F A paper] from 2010 showing a Fick rebreathing technique continuous CO monitor applied to both ICU and OR environments.