1,022
edits
Changes
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Line 103:
Line 103: − + − + − + + + + + + +
→Vascular Diseases
=Vascular Diseases=
=Vascular Diseases=
* Aortic Aneurism: Different types of repair (open vs endovascular), when to intervene (> 5.5 cm or rapidly enlarging), one time screening abd US in ever smokers at age 50
* Aortic Aneurism: Most are abdominal, most are below the renal arteries. Different types of repair (open vs endovascular), when to intervene (> 5.5 cm, rapidly enlarging, or causing organ damage), one time screening abdominal US recommended in ever smokers ages 65-75.
* Aortic Dissection: Stanford classification: type B (post arch and descending aorta) is medically managed; type A (ascending or arch) is surgical emergency.
* Aortic Dissection: Stanford classification: type B (post left subclavian and descending aorta) is medically managed; type A (ascending aorta to the left subclavian or beyond) is a surgical emergency.
* Deep Venous Thrombosis: Virchow's triad
* Deep Venous Thrombosis: Virchow's triad, mostly occur in the legs, DVTs leading to PEs are usually in the femoral veins. Hofman's sign is neither sensitive or specific. Risk stratify based on Well's score, then get D-dimer (sensitive, not specific) if pre-test probability is low to rule out DVT. Can give therapeutic dose heparin if pre-test probability is high.
* Peripheral Arterial Disease: ABI
* Peripheral Arterial Disease: ABI
** Carotid Artery Stenosis
**
* Lymphedema
* Lymphedema
** In developed countries, is usually secondary to lymph node resection (e.g. radical mastectomy)
** Can also be congenital or secondary to infection (developing countries)
** Does not respond to diuretics
** Use compression stockings or arm bands
=Syncope=
=Syncope=
* Ddx includes cardiac arrhythmias, vasovagal, seizures, orthostatic hypotension, vertigo, symptomatic anemia
* Ddx includes cardiac arrhythmias, vasovagal, seizures, orthostatic hypotension, vertigo, symptomatic anemia