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→Neuraxial Labor Analgesia and Gastric Emptying
| [https://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0000000000004133 Chassard et al Anes 2022] || 40 women || Prospective cohort study. Gastric ultrasound (gUS) was used to verify an empty stomach, then participants ate 125 g of yogurt within 5 min. For the epidural group, the meal was consumed within one hour of epidural placement. || 10 parturients with labor epidural were compared with 10 pregnant women at term, 10 non-pregnant women, and 10 parturiants with no labor epidural. Serial gUS was performed at 15, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after a light meal and fraction of gastric emptying was calculated as [Area_Antral_90 / Area_Antral_15 - 1]*100. || Gastric emptying fraction (higher is better) was 52% (non-pregnant), 45% (pregnant), 7% (parturiants w/o epidural), and 31% (parturiants w/ epidural). Parturiants had delayed gastric emptying compared to non-parturiants, and epidural analgesia actually sped up gastric emptying.
| [https://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0000000000004133 Chassard et al Anes 2022] || 40 women || Prospective cohort study. Gastric ultrasound (gUS) was used to verify an empty stomach, then participants ate 125 g of yogurt within 5 min. For the epidural group, the meal was consumed within one hour of epidural placement. || 10 parturients with labor epidural were compared with 10 pregnant women at term, 10 non-pregnant women, and 10 parturiants with no labor epidural. Serial gUS was performed at 15, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after a light meal and fraction of gastric emptying was calculated as [Area_Antral_90 / Area_Antral_15 - 1]*100. || Gastric emptying fraction (higher is better) was 52% (non-pregnant), 45% (pregnant), 7% (parturiants w/o epidural), and 31% (parturiants w/ epidural). Parturiants had delayed gastric emptying compared to non-parturiants, and epidural analgesia actually sped up gastric emptying.
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| [https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bja/aet435 Bonnet et al BJA 2014] ||
| [https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bja/aet435 Bonnet et al BJA 2014] || 60 spontaneously laboring parturients with ropivacaine/sufentanil PCEA analgesia || CSA measured with binary outcome of "full" or "not full" based on cutoff CSA value of >320 determined in small pilot study of 6 pregnant women. || gUS compared CSA when the anesthesiologist was called for epidural placement (beginning of labor) and at full cervical dilation. || 50% had full stomachs at epidural placement compared to 13% at full cervical dilation.
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