Changes

| [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10455830/ O'Sullivan et al Anes 1999] || 94 women in labor || Women were randomised to light diet or water only || CSA and metabolic profiles were compared, as well as length of labor and labor outcome || Blood glucose and insulin were higher and plasma betahydroxybutyrate and non-esterified fatty acids were lower in the diet group. There were no differences in labor course, labor outcomes (e.g. mode of delivery, umbilical artery/vein samples, and APGAR scores). CSA was higher in the diet group as was emesis volume.

| [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10455830/ O'Sullivan et al Anes 1999] || 94 women in labor || Women were randomised to light diet or water only || CSA and metabolic profiles were compared, as well as length of labor and labor outcome || Blood glucose and insulin were higher and plasma betahydroxybutyrate and non-esterified fatty acids were lower in the diet group. There were no differences in labor course, labor outcomes (e.g. mode of delivery, umbilical artery/vein samples, and APGAR scores). CSA was higher in the diet group as was emesis volume.

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| [https://associationofanaesthetists-publications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1997.238-az0373.x?sid=Ovid%3Amedline Reynolds et al Anes 1997] || 56 women in labor, >36 weeks gestation, singleton, cephalad, no systemic opioids || Women had epidurals placed and were given 1.5g of paracetamol, then had serum levels measured at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, and 90 minute timepoints. || Women were randomly assigned to either 0.125% bupivacaine solution or 0.0625% bupivacaine with 2.5 mcg/ml fentanyl, with continuous infusion rate titrated to effect. Rescue boluses of 5 ml 0.25% bupivacaine were given as needed. In study A, 28 women received paracetamol after 30 ml (75 mcg of fentanyl), while in study B it was after 40-50 ml (100-125 mcg of fentanyl). || No significant differences in AUC, peak concentration, or time to peak concentration in study A; in study B, the time to max concentration was delayed in the fentanyl group.

| [https://associationofanaesthetists-publications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1997.238-az0373.x?sid=Ovid%3Amedline Reynolds et al Anes 1997] || 56 women in labor, >36 weeks gestation, singleton, cephalad, no systemic opioids || Women had epidurals placed and were given 1.5g of paracetamol, then had serum levels measured at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, and 90 minute timepoints. || Women were randomly assigned to either 0.125% bupivacaine solution or 0.0625% bupivacaine with 2.5 mcg/ml fentanyl, with continuous infusion rate titrated to effect. Rescue boluses of 5 ml 0.25% bupivacaine were given as needed. In study A, 28 women received paracetamol after 30 ml (75 mcg of fentanyl), while in study B it was after 40-50 ml (100-125 mcg of fentanyl). || No significant differences in AUC, peak concentration, or time to peak concentration in study A. In study B, the time to max concentration was delayed in the fentanyl group.

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