Revision as of 20:50, 31 January 2023

Commonly Used Opioids
Opioid	Dose	Onset	Duration	Elimination	Unique effects/indications
Fentanyl	1-20 ug/kg	4-6 min	15-30 min	Hepatic/Renal	Example
Sufentanyl	0.3-1 ug/kg	2-4 min	5-15 min	Hepatic/Renal	Example
Remifentanyl	0.1-0.3 ug/kg	1-2 min	2-5 min	Plasma esterases	Example
Alfentanyl	15-50 ug/kg	Example	Example	Hepatic/Renal	Example
Morphine sulfate	25-75 mg	10-30 min	2-5 hrs	Example	Can cause histamine release
Meperidine	Example	10-30 min	2-5 hrs	Example	Used for post-op shivering

Don’t combine benzodiazepines and opioids. If you need to reverse, use flumazenil.
Central loci of opioid action (descending inhibitory pain pathways)
- PAG
- Nucleus Raphe magnus
- Rostral ventromedial medulla

Short-Acting

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{| class="wikitable"
+|+ Commonly Used Opioids
+|-
+! Opioid !! Dose !! Onset !! Duration !! Elimination !! Unique effects/indications
+|-
+| Fentanyl || 1-20 ug/kg || 4-6 min || 15-30 min || Hepatic/Renal || Example
+|-
+| Sufentanyl || 0.3-1 ug/kg || 2-4 min || 5-15 min || Hepatic/Renal || Example
+|-
+| Remifentanyl || 0.1-0.3 ug/kg || 1-2 min || 2-5 min || Plasma esterases || Example
+|-
+| Alfentanyl || 15-50 ug/kg || Example || Example || Hepatic/Renal || Example
+|-
+| Morphine sulfate || 25-75 mg || 10-30 min || 2-5 hrs || Example || Can cause histamine release
+|-
+| Meperidine || Example || 10-30 min || 2-5 hrs || Example || Used for post-op shivering
+|}
 * Don’t combine [[benzodiazepines]] and opioids. If you need to reverse, use [[flumazenil]].
 * Central loci of opioid action (descending inhibitory pain pathways)