*Dx: Differentiate from MCI (which has less severe symptoms that do not interfere with ADLs). Differential includes [[Alzheimer disease]] (most common), Parkinson disease, Lewy body dementia, '''frontotemporal dementia (Pick disease)''', vascular dementia, and [[Creutzfeld Jacob disease]] (prions). Check for '''reversible causes''' (TSH, B12, B6, urine tox screen, EtOH levels, infectious workups, depression screen).
−
*Tx:
+
*Tx: Based on etiology. '''AChE inhibitors: donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine.''' Memantine ('''NMDA antagonist'''). Assisted living and social support.
==Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome==
==Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome==
−
*H&P:
+
*H&P: History of heavy EtOH use. Vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency.
−
*Dx:
+
*Dx: MRI shows atrophy of mammary bodies. EtOH level. Presents with ataxia, '''ophthalmoplegia''', confusion, confabulation, retrograde amnesia. Differential includes NPH.
−
*Tx:
+
*Tx: High dose thiamine. Electrolyte repletion. Multivitamin. CIWA protocol for EtOH withdrawal.