Missed Concepts

Starting dialysis requires shared decision making and consideration about quality of life factors.
No need for urine culture in non-pregnant women with UTI symptoms. Treat empirically.
Management of pregnant patients with UTI, get a urine culture, treat empirically with fosfomycin, augmenting, or cefpodoxime (3rd gen)
Lupus nephritis is diagnosed with renal biopsy.
Thiazide diuretics decrease the risk of calcium oxalate stones and calcium phosphate stones by increasing renal reabsorption of calcium (thereby lowering the concentration of calcium in the urine.
Treat acute prostatitis with empiric antibiotics and bladder decompression (usually suprapubic catheter)
Following renal transplant, there is an increased risk of diabetes (within months) and osteoporosis (later on).
Criteria for inpatient management of kidney stones: urinary infection, AKI, complete obstruction, intractable pain/nausea/vomiting.

Renal